加薪是經濟成長動力 - 企業不加薪，簽再多FTA都沒用。

以下新聞內容對領薪水的平民百姓是很好的支持，要求政府調高基本工資、要求企業加薪。當然，向雇主要求加薪的前提也要自己有相對應的條件能力。不過，我另外想說，
加薪是經濟成長動力，但經濟疲弱、無法成長，薪資過低、不加薪不是唯一主因，
影響經濟的要素太多了，你可以想想，現在有哪個國家的經濟是正真好的？
全球資源一直以來除分配不均外，更是稀少的，但全球人口卻不斷爆增。
這也是為什麼人類一直想要去外太空、想著是否還有其他可居住的星球，
你看過電影Elysium(極樂世界)嗎？想想吧~
============================================================

台灣薪資停滯、貧富差距日益嚴重。

中央大學經濟學系教授邱俊榮說，加薪是經濟成長動力，聯合國也籲調薪讓全球經濟復甦，但台灣卻在違抗世界潮流。

台灣過於強調出口經濟，為壓低成本以利出口，企業不願調漲薪資，致使內需不振，陷入惡性循環；如果不重視分配、公平的問題，政府簽再多FTA（自由貿易協定）也沒用，台灣會一直陷入這樣的困境，呼籲企業加薪，增加經濟動能。

從占領華爾街行動開始，大家慢慢重視分配的問題，OECD富國俱樂部提出兩個辦法，包括，提高基本工資與加強工會力量。

不久前，聯合國也呼籲調高薪資，讓全球經濟復甦。加薪或加強工會力量，已經不只是分配問題，而是成長的問題，過去，大家覺得分配會犧牲成長，但現在大家覺得公平的分配是促進經濟成長的力道與來源。

現在台灣的氣氛，要不要調高基本工資，卻是扭扭捏捏，談到加強工會力量，資方反彈力量就出來，「跟不上世界潮流、我們在違抗世界潮流」，所以，向上經濟模式的力量出不來。

台灣經濟是典型「黨國資本體制」，經濟政策方向、資源分配多受政黨左右，進而衍生密室政治、權貴政治等陋習。在60、70年代，台灣經濟飛速發展，一般民眾同樣受惠；惟近年台灣低薪化、經濟發展停滯，青年對未來沒有期待，才會促成三月學運爆發。

台灣密室政治導致資源嚴重分配不均，財富集中少數財團、權貴手中，政商利益集團主導政策走向，且當前政治生態更是「黨意凌駕民意」，重大政策無法進行理性討論。

賴中強直言，國民黨宛如「列寧式政黨」，黨主席拿黨意、提名權要脅黨籍立委，不理會民意反彈，「日前張慶忠三十秒事件就是當前代議民主的困境」。

並指出，馬政府日前稱「台灣不能鎖國」，一定要跟中國簽貨貿協議，以降低關稅，增加出口量，但台灣銷往中國的貨品已經高達70％零關稅，政府卻要開放中國農工產品大舉侵台，以換取石化、面板及汽車製造業的關稅優惠，質疑政府替特定財團牟利。

張烽益表示，台灣近年階級流動停滯，「黑手也能變頭家」已為絕響，青年努力不一定能翻身，加上政策側重財團利益，年輕世代的權益無法透過代議政治反映，民主淪為形式。

文中人物
青平台基金會2014/10/25舉辦「台灣代議民主之困境與出路」論壇座談，邀請中央大學經濟系教授邱俊榮、兩岸協議監督聯盟召集人賴中強及台灣勞動與社會政策研究會執行長張烽益出席與談，針對台灣當前政經發展提出看法。

以上內容轉載自：
http://news.ltn.com.tw/news/politics/breakingnews/1140630
http://www.cdnews.com.tw/cdnews_site/docDetail.jsp?coluid=112&docid=102967180


管理學大師麥可波特：台灣低薪 令人百思不解

台灣薪資陷入停滯，Michael Porter指出，台灣競爭力在144個國家中，排名第18名，但是所得比只排第60名。他對此也「百思不解」，並認為這個現象非常奇怪，也很令人擔心。台灣勞動薪資沒有隨產業發展而增加，將導致人才外流，對台灣競爭力非常不利。
http://news.ltn.com.tw/news/business/breakingnews/1139611

台灣薪資陷入停滯，就連國際管理學大師麥可波特（Michael E. Porter）也想不通原因。麥可波特今天指出，台灣勞動薪資沒有隨產業發展而增加，將導致人才外流，對台灣競爭力非常不利。

麥可波特今日受邀來台演講，他指出，台灣競爭力在144個國家中，排名第18名，但是所得比只排第60名。他對此也「百思不解」，並認為這個現象非常奇怪，也很令人擔心。

台灣目前優勢在於擁有產業聚落與科技研發人員，但同時也有人才外流的隱憂，當薪資跟不上產業發展，會讓人覺得留在台灣沒有前途，他也認為，產業表現好，勞工薪資也要跟著提升，相輔相成才能有永續的產業發展。

麥可波特也點出了外商要來台灣做生意實在不容易，因為經商成本高、關稅高，對外資也不夠友善，「簡直是場災難」，將很難吸引到外資來台。

不過，麥可波特仍對台灣經濟發展感到樂觀，因為以台灣的經濟已經有先進國家的表現，相比南韓雖然有大財團與世界級品牌，但台灣整體生產力仍勝過南韓，購買力也很強，台灣在美國申請專利的排名世界第一，因此不用過度擔憂。

此外，許多人擔心台灣與中國的關係，麥可波特則將中國譬喻為「坐在台灣門口1萬噸重的大猩猩」，認為這些憂慮都是重要的，但仍要面對現實，因為中國有廣大的市場，也是台灣重要的貿易夥伴，台灣要把握這個契機，使雙方的交流、貿易更加便利。

Even One Soda A Day Changes How Your Cells Age

Drinking Soda Each Day Has Accelerating Effect On Cellular Aging, May Cut 4.6 Years Off Life

While consuming sugary soft drinks is often associated with a higher risk of obesity, metabolic syndrome, diabetes, cardiovascular death, and certain types of cancer, new research suggests that it can also shorten our lifespan. A recent study conducted at the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) has revealed that drinking soda frequently can shorten the length of telomeres within white blood cells, which can be used as a predictor for human lifespan.

“Regular consumption of sugar-sweetened sodas might influence disease development, not only by straining the body’s metabolic control of sugars, but also through accelerated cellular aging of tissues,” Dr. Elissa Epel, professor of psychiatry at UCSF and senior author of the study, said in a statement.

Epel and her colleagues gathered data using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys from 1999 to 2002. The study’s sample included 5,309 U.S. adults between the ages of 20 and 65 with no history of diabetes or cardiovascular disease. Participants were asked to recall their diet in the past 24 hours, and researchers used DNA samples to measure telomere length. On average, participants consumed 12 ounces of soda, while around 21 percent reported drinking at least 20 ounces of soda each day.

UCSF researchers determined that drinking 20 ounces of soda a day was linked to 4.6 years of additional biological aging. This conclusion was made by assessing the way telomere length shortens with chronological age. The effect drinking soda had on telomere shortening was comparable to smoking or, in the opposite, anti-aging direction, regular exercise. Previous studies have also associated telomere shortening with chronic diseases of aging, such as heart disease, diabetes, and certain types of cancer.

“This is the first demonstration that soda is associated with telomere shortness,” Epel added. “This finding held regardless of age, race, income, and education level. Telomere shortening starts long before disease onset.  Further, although we only studied adults here, it is possible that soda consumption is associated with telomere shortening in children, as well.”

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, sugary drinking consumption among both children and adults has increased dramatically over the past 30 years, coinciding with America’s obesity epidemic. Around half of the U.S. population over the age of 2 reports drinking a sugary drink on any given day. UCSF researchers are currently working on a second study to test the effect of soda consumption on aspects of cellular aging in real time.

“It is critical to understand both dietary factors that may shorten telomeres, as well as dietary factors that may lengthen telomeres,” said Cindy Leung, postdoctoral fellows from the UCSF Center for Health and Community. “Here it appeared that the only beverage consumption that had a measurable negative association with telomere length was consumption of sugared soda.”

Source: Laraia B, Leung C, Epel E, et al. Soda and Cell Aging: Associations Between Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Consumption and Leukocyte Telomere Length in Healthy Adults From the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys.

http://www.medicaldaily.com/drinking-soda-each-day-has-accelerating-effect-cellular-aging-may-cut-46-years-life-307495

健康飲食

動物脂肪對人體並不好，加上現在飼養環境不同，動物身上可能有很多累積的重金屬和毒物，因此不建議自炸豬油，建議大家吃東西「不要太專情」，多店家、多種類，才能分散風險。

豬油等動物性脂肪，當遇高溫時，雖不容易變質，但會釋放多環芳香烴等有毒物質，不建議民眾自炸豬油，甚至應減少動物性脂肪攝取，以防肥胖、高血壓、心血管疾病等。加上現在動物飼養環境不同，如果動物吃到有問題的飼料油，體內可能累積重金屬和毒物。

吃東西「不要太專情」，應選擇多店家、多種類，才能分散風險；如果一定要吃豬油等動物性脂肪，應多搭配豆類、蔬菜、水果等，每天應吃三碗豆類（一碗為一個飯碗份量）、三碗燙熟的蔬菜、二個拳頭大小的水果，並多運動，消耗身體多餘油脂、熱量，避免慢性疾病。

日常飲食建議，生活中因為食材的搭配形成亞硝胺，要小心避免這些「NG食品」，像燒烤店裡常見的「培根捲干貝」，因培根含有亞硝酸鹽，干貝是海鮮含胺類，兩者合在一起會變亞硝胺，是致癌物質。平常早餐會吃的火腿三明治也NG，因為火腿是亞硝酸鹽，蛋與番茄均是胺類食物，組合在一起也會變亞硝胺，可以把火腿拿起來，再吃剩下的三明治，隔一小時後再吃火腿，可減少很多毒性。

泡過的蝦米水、魷魚水、香菇水和金針水等，已充滿二氧化硫，千萬別拿去炒麵或做料理，尤其很多廚師會說湯頭經多種食材熬煮，其實最好不用動物骨頭或青菜熬湯，動物骨頭會熬出重金屬，青菜會熬出硝酸鹽。
資料來源：http://news.ltn.com.tw/news/life/paper/824054

外食判斷劣質油小撇步：如油炸油顏色深、炸物表皮色深、周邊牆壁卡油、炸鍋浮泡表面積超過1/2、咬表皮油就溢出、外皮硬非脆、放涼後有油耗味等。

若擔心吃到劣油，就應多吃當季蔬果、新鮮豆類和全穀類，少吃動物內臟及高鈣食物，並減少油脂和鹽分攝取，多喝水多運動，保持作息正常，讓肝臟有時間解毒。

垃圾食物為高油、高鹽、高糖且不具營養價值，包括油炸類、加工食品、燒烤類、速食等，吃了會造成失眠、暴躁、憂鬱、易怒、反社會人格等影響。垃圾食物的解毒劑就是要減少次數、多喝水、運動、多攝取蔬果。
資料來源：http://www.cna.com.tw/topic/popular/4721-1/201410230153-1.aspx

油脂種類	市面上油脂舉例	適合烹調方式
含較高比例多元不飽和脂肪酸	大豆油、葵花油、紅花籽油、玉米油、葡萄籽油、花生油	有助於降低血脂肪。 建議用於涼伴、低溫油水炒。
含較高比例單元不飽和脂肪酸	橄欖油、苦茶油、芥花油、堅果類	能提升體內好的膽固醇。 有助於降低血脂肪，建議用於低溫油炸及煎炒。
含高比例的飽和脂肪酸	牛油、豬油、椰子油、奶油、棕櫚油	會增加心血管疾病發生的風險，建議減少使用。
中央社製表／資料來源：中華民國營養師公會全國聯合會理事長蔡玲貞

自炸豬油恐含毒物 譚敦慈不鼓勵

（中央社記者許秩維台北23日電）劣油風暴後，自製炸豬油蔚為風潮；不過林口長庚護理師譚敦慈今天說，現在飼養環境不同，不建議自炸豬油，以免將累積在豬身上的飼料油毒物吃下肚。

食安危機引起全民關注，台北城市科技大學今天邀請林口長庚醫院毒物實驗室護理師譚敦慈到校分享「食在安心」演講。

譚敦慈表示，現在台灣有幾個食品問題，包括黑心食品、垃圾食品等，其中黑心食品就是不能給人吃卻拿來給人吃的，對消費者健康有重大危害，更可怕的是短期內不會致死。

餿水油風暴發生後，政府也提出食安法修正草案，黑心業者致死、致傷或危害人體健康的行為部份，規劃修法增加10倍罰鍰，若致死就併科罰金新台幣2億元。

譚敦慈表示，政府希望修法，提高黑心業者罰鍰，但黑心食品並不會一吃致死，而是一點一滴侵害健康，因此最令人害怕的長期慢慢累積毒性。

劣油風波後，譚敦慈也分享外食判斷劣質油小撇步：如油炸油顏色深、炸物表皮色深、周邊牆壁卡油、炸鍋浮泡表面積超過1/2、咬表皮油就溢出、外皮硬非脆、放涼後有油耗味等。

此外，譚敦慈也不建議民眾自炸豬油，因為現在飼養環境不同，自炸豬油反易將累積在豬身上的飼料油等毒物吃下肚。

譚敦慈表示，油蔥、蔥油餅、調理包、烘焙酥餅、泡麵等都是可能的回收油食品，若擔心吃到劣油，就應多吃當季蔬果、新鮮豆類和全穀類，少吃動物內臟及高鈣食物，並減少油脂和鹽分攝取，多喝水多運動，保持作息正常，讓肝臟有時間解毒。

除了黑心食品，譚敦慈也提醒民眾更該注意垃圾食品。她表示，只要是高油、高鹽、高糖且不具營養價值的都是垃圾食物，包括油炸類、加工食品、燒烤類、速食等，吃了會造成失眠、暴躁、憂鬱、易怒、反社會人格等影響。

譚敦慈說，垃圾食物的解毒劑就是要減少次數、多喝水、運動、多攝取蔬果；她從新聞上看到之前犯下北捷殺人案的鄭捷，犯案前就是去吃速食店；她常常想，如果當時鄭捷不是吃速食，而是多吃蔬果，不知道結果會否不同。1031023

Picasso

Every child is an artist. The problem is how to remain an artist once we grow up.
I used to draw like Raphael, but it has taken me a whole lifetime to learn to draw like a child.

Picasso曾說，他一生都在學習如何像孩子般作畫。
因為每個孩子心中都住了一位想像力大師。

寂寞的天真：紀念畢卡索
http://ericyaoquote.blogspot.tw/2006/04/blog-post_08.html

婚姻是一場交易 Why more women choose not to marry

中央社新聞：女性不婚6大理由

美國女性不婚比例攀至新高，社會學者 Schwartz 分析女性選擇不婚有6大因素，嫁給沒用的老公只會讓生活更糟是主要原因。

近期1項民調顯示，18歲以上的美國女性有53%維持單身，再創歷史新高，女性對婚姻的渴望雖高於男性，但女性選擇遲婚或不婚有其社會因素。

華盛頓大學社會學教授 Pepper Schwartz 在 CNN 網站撰文指出，如果婚姻是樁好「交易」，自然會「成交」，婚姻不再是件好事，從女性觀點來看有6大因素。

第1，嫁給沒用的丈夫，生活只會更糟。貧窮女如遇上無錢男，只能相濡以沫，許多女性不嫁給令經濟情況更糟的男人不是秘密；單親媽媽即使依靠政府援助過活，也比嫁給無業不找工作的男人情況好得多。

第2，女性事業成就改變一切。成功女性無須成功男性在身邊加持，力爭上游的女性每天迎向挑戰，找丈夫最好先等等。

第3，女性不再禁錮於傳統角色。不想成為留在家中洗衣燒飯的女人，碰不上喜歡非傳統女性的男性，當然不會有婚姻。

第4，婚姻帶來稅務懲罰。薪資達中上程度的女性，如嫁給收入相當或較高的男性，稅率可能因丈夫把所得標準提高而更高，結婚反而造成女性生活成本增加。

第5，男人總是拈花惹草，何必自尋苦惱。

第6，女性挑挑撿撿，尋覓最佳伴侶，沒有速配，單身好過妥協出嫁委屈自己。男性也差不多，影星喬治克隆尼和許多女性往來，53歲才走入婚姻，就是等待心靈相配的現任妻子。

Schwartz 指出，社會學中的交易理論（Exchange Theory）聽來有點冷血，卻是不爭事實；人類行為奠基於付出與回報之間取得平衡，婚姻也不例外，財富、相貌與背景得相稱才是好「交易」，不過成功女人與在家寫作，順便看孩子的丈夫，或許是個不錯的組合。

Why more women choose not to marry

By Pepper Schwartz

Editor's note: Pepper Schwartz is professor of sociology at the University of Washington and the author of many books, the latest of which is "The Normal Bar." She is the love and relationship ambassador for AARP and writes the Naked Truth column for AARP.org. She is also a senior fellow at the Council on Contemporary Families, a nonprofit organization that gathers research on American families. The opinions in this commentary are solely those of the author.

(CNN) -- Some revolutions happen in a single day; others over decades. The rise of the voluntarily single woman has been happening in Western societies slowly, over time, concomitant with well-paying jobs, legal protection from economic or physical abuse, reliable birth control and the possibility of fulfilling careers and adventures.

Women are marrying at a later age these days, cohabiting with their partners or going in and out of short-term relationships without ever walking down the aisle.

Currently, 53% of women over 18 are in the singles column. Put another way, women now have choices that allow them to customize the arc of their lives and some of them find that it is best for them to put marriage aside.

Is this natural? Is this bad? Is this cause for alarm?

We have long counted on women's sacrifices and the compromises they've made to lift societies all over the world. We are worried that if women delay or forgo marriage, the all-important family unit will suffer.

As much as I admire happy couples and families, I think this may be one of the few times in history when so many women could choose from such a full range of life choices without penalty or stigma. Since few people "have it all," why not choose being single if that's the best option?

What it comes down to is people get married when it's a good deal. The question is why isn't marriage a good deal anymore? Here are some considerations.

1. A useless husband

If a woman is poor and only meets equally poor or poorer men, she's in a tough spot. It is no secret that many women do not choose to marry if the available partners will make their economic situation worse.

In some of these cases, even if a woman has a child, she may be better off with government help than a nonworking, noninvolved husband.

2. Success changes everything

When a woman is very privileged or highly successful, marriage could come very easily -- or not. Think of the likes of Elizabeth Taylor, who was married eight times. Or Oprah Winfrey, who for personal or professional reasons, is not married.

Moreover, a woman doesn't need a husband who is a high-powered corporate attorney if she is a high-powered corporate attorney. Taking advantage of economic and professional opportunities could be undermined by committing to a partner with an equally ambitious, or different, life agenda. This kind of woman may wake up every day to new and exciting challenges and think, "best to wait."

3. Unwilling to make traditional compromises

A woman who doesn't want to settle for cooking and cleaning and being the primary parent that society prefers. She is not meeting guys who want the kind of woman she is.

4. The marriage penalty tax

Some women are in an income bracket where marriage inflicts economic costs. She would have to pay more taxes if she marries someone who earns approximately what she makes or more.

5. Avoiding cheating men

A few years ago when I was in China, I had a conversation with some very beautiful female Chinese TV personalities about their personal life. I asked them why they were single and if they wanted to get married.

The three women all said they didn't want to marry because "the men of our class will all expect to have mistresses, and it is better not to marry than have to put up with that." I have no idea if this was an exaggeration or not -- but they believed it.

6. Waiting for the "one"

These women wait for the perfect guy, or the guy who they would fall in love with and love them back just as much. If that man doesn't come along, they prefer to go alone. As women get pickier, more factors enter into the marriage equation.

They may find someone who doesn't quite go the distance even after years of dating. They cohabit with someone and it doesn't work out. Singlehood, never intentional, becomes a fact. But they will not marry just to marry as their mothers or grandmothers might have.

In social psychology, there is a classic theory called "exchange theory." It is a bit cold-blooded, but it predicts that a person's actions will be based on trying to find a balance of give and get. Each person's resources -- of all kinds, including money, looks, background -- are traded back and forth for a "good deal." For example, a "good deal" scenario could be a woman who makes an excellent living pairing up with a man who is a writer and is willing to work at home and be the primary child care person.

When women's life choices were highly constrained, they had little negotiating power. They had to marry or were seen as damaged. A few got away with being "free spirits" but usually they were exceptional in wealth or lineage -- and even so, it wasn't easy.

It's different now. While most women still want marriage, they don't want it at just any price. They don't want it if it scuttles their dreams. Marriage is not dead -- not by a long shot. It is still, to most of us, the house we wish to build for our love, our lover and our children.

But women want to craft a life instead of having it pressed upon them. And that means some of us will be single for a long time, and some of us will be single for life.  (http://edition.cnn.com/2014/10/15/opinion/schwartz-single-women/index.html)